A stroke, or "brain attack," occurs when blood flow to the brain is interrupted, cutting off the essential nutrients and oxygen that brain cells need to survive.
Within a few minutes of a stroke, brain cells start to die, setting off a cascade of damage to nearby and interconnected cells. Swelling and toxins released by dying nerve cells may broaden the area of damage.
Strokes can cause a number of changes in mental and physical functions, depending on where in the brain damage has occurred. These changes can include paralysis of muscles in the face and in the limbs, and speech impairment or the inability to speak; they may be evident only on one side of the body.
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